Dogs and cats cause allergy through particular proteins (allergens) secreted by their sebaceous glands and present above all on the animal’s hair and skin, but also in its saliva and urine. They are very light allergens, which remain suspended in the air for a very long time and they accumulate on fibres and fabrics (carpets, curtains, couches and armchairs, mattresses, pillows, clothes, etc.). Their concentration is highest in the houses where the dog and cat live, but significant quantities may also be found in places not frequented by the animals: as the allergens adhere to the fabrics, they can be transferred anywhere. That’s why even people who do not own a cat can still become sensitive to cat allergens.
Dog and cat allergies have increased a lot in recent years and nearly always affect people who are already allergic to mites; this is because mite sensitisation favours the onset of other allergies.
In the case of dog or cat allergy, the first thing to do would be to send the animal away from the home of the allergic person. If that is not possible and the animal lives in the house, it is advised partly to reduce the concentration of allergens in the domestic environment. Here is how to do it.